Accidentally swallowing hazardous chemicals happens more often than you might think. In fact, it is a common method of exposure. Most frequently it happens by consuming food / drinks that have been contaminated by contact with unwashed hands, gloves, or by being left exposed in the workplace.
Once inside your mouth chemicals can move down your throat into your stomach where they can sometimes be absorbed into your bloodstream. If you have ever drunk coffee or tea to feel more awake, you have felt how drinking a chemical (caffeine) can quickly affect your body.
One practical way to prevent exposure via swallowing is to avoid eating in work areas.